1 Kings 22:11 KJV,NLT

Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible - 1 Kings 22:11

1 Kings 22:11. Zedekiah—made him horns of iron— It was by these actions that the prophets instructed the people in the will of God, and conversed with them in signs; but where God teaches the prophet, and, in compliance with the custom of the times, condescends to the same mode of instruction, then the significative action is generally changed into vision, either natural or extraordinary. The significative action, I say, was, in this case, generally changed into a vision, but not always. For as... read more

Robert Jamieson; A. R. Fausset; David Brown

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - 1 Kings 22:11

11. Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him horns of iron—Small projections, of the size and form of our candle extinguishers (worn in many parts of the East as military ornaments), were worn by the Syrians of that time, and probably by the Israelite warriors also. Zedekiah, by assuming two horns, personated two heroes, and, pretending to be a prophet, wished in this manner to represent the kings of Israel and Judah in a military triumph. It was a symbolic action, to impart greater force to his... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - 1 Kings 22:1-28

Yahweh’s plan to terminate Ahab 22:1-28Another significant battle occurred between the battle of Ramoth-gilead that the writer recorded in chapter 22 (853 B.C.) and the battles he recorded in chapter 20. Ahab and his Aramean ally Ben-Hadad II (860-841 B.C.) defeated their mutual foe King Shalmaneser III of Assyria at Qarqar on the Orontes River in Aram (also in 853 B.C.). [Note: William H. Shea, "A Note on the Date of the Battle of Qarqar," Journal of Cuneiform Studies 29 (1977):240-42.]... read more

John Dummelow

John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Kings 22:1-53

Ahab and Micaiah. Ahab’s Death at Ramoth-gllead. Reign of Jehoshaphat, King of Judah1. Three years] probably calculated from the peace described in 1 Kings 20:34.2. Jehoshaphat.. came down] The earlier hostility between Judah and Israel (see 1 Kings 15:16-24) had by this time given place not only to peace but to friendship, which had been cemented (as appears from 2 Kings 8:18) by a marriage between Jehoshaphat’s son Jehoram and Ahab’s daughter Athaliah. It is possible that the change in the... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - 1 Kings 22:11

(11) Zedekiah.—The name itself (“righteousness of Jehovah”) must certainly imply professed devotion to the true God, whose Name here is first uttered by him. Symbolic action was not unfrequent in the prophets. (See Note on 1 Kings 11:30.) The use of the horns, as emblems of victorious strength, is also familiar, as in the utterance of Balaam (Numbers 23:22), in the blessing of Moses (Deuteronomy 33:17), in the song of Hannah (1 Samuel 3:1), in the visions of Daniel and Zechariah (Daniel 8:3-10;... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Dictionary of Texts - 1 Kings 22:1-53

Unpossessed Possessions 1 Kings 22:3 I. What is ours, and not ours? Every Christian man has large tracts of unannexed territory, unattended possibilities, unenjoyed blessings, things that are his and yet not his. How much more of God you and I have a right to than we have the possession of. ( a ) How much inward peace is ours? It is meant that there should never pass across a Christian's soul more than a ripple of agitation, which may indeed ruffle and curl the surface; but deep down there... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Bible Commentary - 1 Kings 22:1-40

ALONE AGAINST THE WORLD1 Kings 22:1-40"I have not sent these prophets, yet they ran: I have not spoken to them, yet they prophesied I have heard what the prophets said, who prophesied lies in My name."- Jeremiah 23:21-25WE now come to the last scene of Ahab’s troubled and eventful life. His two immense victories over the Syrians had secured for his harassed kingdom three years of peace, but at the end of that time he began to be convinced that the insecure conditions upon which he had weakly... read more

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Arno Gaebelein's Annotated Bible - 1 Kings 22:1-53

CHAPTER 22 The Death of Ahab 1. Jehoshaphat and Ahab (1 Kings 22:1-12 ) 2. The prophet Micaiah (1 Kings 22:13-28 ) 3. The battle and Ahab’s death (1 Kings 22:29-40 ) 4. Jehoshaphat of Judah (1 Kings 22:41-50 ; 1 Kings 2:0 Chron. 19-20) 5. Ahaziah, King of Israel (1 Kings 22:51-53 ) Three years passed without war between Syria and Israel. In the third year Jehoshaphat of Judah came down to Ahab. Jehoshaphat’s son and heir-apparent had married Athaliah the daughter of Ahab. An unholy... read more

John Calvin

Geneva Study Bible - 1 Kings 22:11

22:11 And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made him {i} horns of iron: and he said, Thus saith the LORD, With these shalt thou push the Syrians, until thou have consumed them.(i) The true prophets of God were accustomed to use signs for the confirmation of their doctrine, Isaiah 20:2, Jeremiah 7:2 in which the false prophets imitated them, thinking by it to make their doctrine more believable. read more

L.M. Grant

L. M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Kings 22:1-53

AHAB WARNED BUT DETERMINED (vs.1-28) Three years later the show of repentance on Ahab's part had worn off. There had been no war between Israel and Syria, but rather than leaving matters as they were, Ahab was aiixious to regain Ramoth in Gilead from the Syrians. Jehoshaphat king of Judah was a godly king, but made the serious mistake of showing friendliness toward Ahab. He went down to visit Ahab, and Ahab told him that Ramoth belonged to Israel, but Syria had taken it (v.3). He did not say... read more