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John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 16:3

Verse 3 Deuteronomy 16:3Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it. Because by this sign they were reminded of their having escaped in haste, as it were from the very flames; therefore does Moses so often enforce the prohibition of leaven. And here this reason for it is alleged, viz., that their recollection should be recalled to the affliction from which they were rescued; for they must needs have been involved in the greatest straits, when there was no time even for baking bread. Unleavened... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 16:1-2

The month of Abib (cf. Exodus 12:2 ; Exodus 23:15 ). The time is referred to as a date well known to the people. Keep the passover ; make ( עַשִׂיתָ ) or prepare the passover . This injunction refers primarily to the preparation of the Paschal lamb for a festal meal ( Numbers 9:5 ); but here it is used in a wider sense as referring to the whole Paschal observance, which lasted for seven days. Hence the mention of sheep ( צאֹן ) and oxen ( בְקָר ) in Deuteronomy 16:2 ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 16:1-8

The Feast of the Passover. (For a reference to the minute points of difference, necessitated by different circumstances, between the first Passover and subsequent ones, see art. 'Passover,' in Smith's 'Bibl. Dict.;' see also the Exposition for its historical significance.) We now take for granted that all this is well understood by, and perfectly familiar to, the reader. Our purpose now is to "open up," not its historical meaning, nor even its symbolism for Israel, but its typical intent... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 16:1-8

The Passover, a memorial of deliverance. The institution of the Passover ( Exodus 12:1-51 .) was preliminary to their deliverance from Egypt, just as the Lord's Supper was preliminary to the death of Jesus Christ, which it was designed subsequently to commemorate. On the first occasion it was a sacrifice presented at home , as was most proper. But when the central altar was set up in Palestine, it became the center of the Passover festival, and to it the Jews in their multitudes... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 16:1-8

The Passover a memorial and a prophecy. In a singular and a miraculous manner, the national existence of the Hebrews had commenced. God had signally interposed as their Champion, in a way altogether unparalleled. Without question, it was an event pregnant with vast issues to the history of mankind. Every opportunity was afforded Pharaoh to escape from destruction. The host of God, composed of natural forces and invisible powers, enclosed him gradually within narrower and narrower bounds,... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 16:1-9

The Passover. The Passover was a sacrifice ( Exodus 12:2 ), and was connected with sacrifices ( Leviticus 23:5-8 ; Numbers 28:15-26 ); hence "flock and herd" ( Deuteronomy 16:2 ) covering the sacrifices of the seven days' feast. It was the sacrifice which mediated the new relationship established between Jehovah and the people on the night of the Exodus. There was a fitness, at so solemn a crisis in the history of the chosen nation, in the line of demarcation between them and the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 16:1-17

EXPOSITION CELEBRATION OF THE PASSOVER FESTIVAL , THE FEAST OF PENTECOST AND OF TABERNACLES . APPOINTMENT OF OFFICERS FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE AND PREVENTION OF IDOLATRY . (Comp. Exodus 23:14-19 ; Exodus 34:18 , Exodus 34:22-26 ; Leviticus 23:1-44 . On the Passover, see Exodus 12:1-51 .; Exodus 13:3-10 .) The other great festivals of the Israelites, the Feast of Trumpets and the Day of Atonement, are not here... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 16:3

Bread of affliction ; bread such as is prepared in circumstances of trial and pressure, when there is no time or opportunity for the application of all the means required for the preparation of bread of the better sort. The Israelites had in haste and amid anxiety to prepare the Passover meal on the evening of their flight from Egypt, and so had to omit the leavening of their bread; and this usage they had to observe during the seven days of the festival in subsequent times, to remind them... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 16:4

No leavened bread ; properly, no leaven ( שְׂאֹר ) (cf. Exodus 12:15 ). Not only was no leavened bread ( מַחָּוז ) or dough ( חָמֵץ ) to be used by them, leaven itself was not to be in the house. read more

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