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Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 20:11-15

Judgment; or, the opening of the books. £ Following on the resurrection is the judgment. In connection with this, we read that before the face of him that sat upon the throne the heavens and the earth fled away. This may include the final conflagration. But what the phrase actually means, no man is in a position adequately to judge. Such passages as Psalms 102:26 , Psalms 102:27 ; Matthew 24:35 ; Matthew 19:28 ; Hebrews 1:12-14 ; 2 Peter 3:7 , 2 Peter 3:10-12 ; 1 John... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 20:11-15

The second death: the lake of fire. "This is the second death, the lake of fire." Few of our readers, if any, are likely here to lose sight of the symbolic style of the Apocalypse—a style which, indeed, so largely pervades it, that if there were not other passages bearing on like themes and couched in different phraseology, its interpretation would be impossible. And even with the aid of the plainer words, the theme before us is so vast, so dread, so fraught with terror, that for our part... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 20:11-15

The final judgment. Stripped of its imagery, this most solemn Scripture declares to us the truth which is found in records manifold. Those of the Bible. The confirmatory passages are everywhere throughout its pages, and especially in those which record the very words of Christ. The most dreadful things in the Bible fell from his lips. Those of the traditions of ancient and heathen peoples. Everywhere we find, as especially in Egypt, creeds which declare a final and awful judgment. ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 20:11-15

The final judgment upon evil conduct. The scenes of the Book of Revelation are now approaching completion, and they present more definitely the characteristics of "the end." Judgment proceeds on human conduct daily, but there is a final judgment, "the judgment of the great day," when "we shall all stand before the judgment seat of God." That dread day is now present to the mind of the seer, and before that inner eye, by a spiritual illumination, the solemn scene is depicted. It is... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 20:11-15

The fourth scene in the history of humanity: the age of retribution. "And I saw a great white throne," etc. There was one fact common to all the preceding epochs through which redeemed humanity had passed—they were all probationary, all connected with the overtures of mercy to the guilty, and the means of spiritual purity, blessedness, and elevation for the polluted, unhappy, and degraded. But the probationary element, which had run on through all dispensations from Adam to Christ, and... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 20:12

And I saw (see on Revelation 20:11 ) the dead, small and great, stand before God; the dead, the great and the small, standing before the throne. All the dead, good and bad, as in Matthew 25:31-33 . This is the general resurrection; what St. John might have called the second resurrection, with regard to the godly, who have once before risen to a life with Christ (see on verse 5). Now, those who would not voluntarily share in the first resurrection are compelled to share in the second.... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 20:13

And the sea gave up the dead which were in it. It is difficult to decide upon the exact signification of this clause. read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 20:11

And I saw a great white throne - This verse commences the description of the final judgment, which embraces the remainder of the chapter. The first thing seen in the vision is the burning throne of the Judge. The things that are specified in regard to it are, that it was “great,” and that it was “white.” The former expression means that it was high or elevated. Compare Isaiah 6:1. The latter expression - white - means that it was “splendid or shining.” Compare 1 Kings 10:18-20. The throne here... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 20:12

And I saw the dead, small and great - All the dead - for this language would express that - the whole race being composed of the “small and great.” Thus, in other language, the same idea might be expressed by saying, the young and old; the rich and poor; the bond and free; the sick and well; the happy and the unhappy; the righteous and the wicked; for all the human family might, in these respects, be considered as thus divided. The fair meaning in this place therefore is, that all the dead... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 20:13

And the sea gave up the dead which were in it - All that had been buried in the depths of ocean. This number in the aggregate will be great. If we include all who were swept off by the flood, and all who have perished by shipwreck, and all who have been killed in naval battles and buried in the sea, and all who have been swept away by inundations of the ocean, and all who have peacefully died at sea, as sailors, or in the pursuits of commerce or benevolence, the number in the aggregate will be... read more

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