Revelation 21:19-20 BSB

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 21:19

And the foundations of the wall of the city - notes on Revelation 21:14.Were garnished - Were adorned, or decorated. That is, the foundations were composed of precious stones, giving them this highly ornamented and brilliant appearance.The first foundation - The first “row, layer, or course.” notes on Revelation 21:14.Was jasper - See the notes on Revelation 4:3.The second, sapphire - This stone is not elsewhere mentioned in the New Testament. It is a precious stone, next in hardness to the... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 21:20

The fifth, sardonyx - This word does not occur elsewhere in the New Testament. The “name” is derived from “Sardis,” a city in Asia Minor (notes on Revelation 3:1), and ὄνυξ onux, a nail - so named, according to Pliny, from the resemblance of its color to the flesh and the nail. It is a silicious stone or gem, nearly allied to the onyx. The color is a reddish yellow, nearly orange (Webster, Dictionary).The sixth, sardius - This word does not elsewhere occur in the New Testament. It is also... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Revelation 21:19-20

Revelation 21:19-20. And the foundations of the wall That is, the lower parts of it; were garnished with all manner of precious stones Were inlaid quite round, and beautified with a great variety of them; or were beautifully formed of them. The precious stones on the high-priest’s breast-plate of judgment were a proper emblem to express the happiness of God’s church in his presence, and in the blessing of his protection. The like ornaments on the foundation of the walls of this city may... read more

Donald C. Fleming

Bridgeway Bible Commentary - Revelation 21:9-21

New Jerusalem (21:9-21)God’s redeemed people, who in a previous picture were seen as the bride of the Lamb (see 19:6-10; 21:2), are now symbolized by a holy city, the new Jerusalem. This city comes from God, for it was built by God. It is not something of human creation. People are saved by God’s grace, not by their own achievements (9-10).The city is glorious and indestructible, and the people who live in it are eternally secure. All believers, whether of the era before Christ or after, are... read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Revelation 21:19

And. Omit. jasper. Compare this and the other stones here with those in Aaron's breastplate (Exodus 28:17-21 ). read more

James Burton Coffman

Coffman Commentaries on the Bible - Revelation 21:19

The foundations of the wall of the city were adorned with all manner of precious stones. The first foundation was jasper; the second, sapphire; the third, chalcedony; the fourth, emerald; the fifth, sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh, chrysolite; the eighth, beryl; the ninth, topaz; the tenth, chrysoprase; the eleventh, jacinth; the twelfth, amethyst.These twelve precious stones making up the foundations of the wall are:JASPER, usually thought to be the diamond. SAPPHIRE, or "lapis... read more

Thomas Coke

Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible - Revelation 21:9-27

Revelation 21:9-27. There came unto me one of the seven angels, &c.— A more particular description is now given of the new Jerusalem. One of the seven angels (and most probably the same who had, ch. Revelation 17:1, &c. shewed John the mystic Babylon and her destruction,) now sheweth, by way of contrast, the new Jerusalem and her glory. For this purpose, he carried him away in the Spirit, &c. (Revelation 21:10.) in the same manner as the prophet was brought in the visions of God,... read more

Robert Jamieson; A. R. Fausset; David Brown

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Revelation 21:19

19. And—so Syriac, Coptic, and ANDREAS. But A, B, and Vulgate omit. Compare Revelation 21:9; Revelation 21:14 with this verse; also Isaiah 54:11. all manner of precious stones—Contrast Revelation 18:12 as to the harlot, Babylon. These precious stones constituted the "foundations." chalcedony—agate from Chalcedon: semi-opaque, sky-blue, with stripes of other colors [ALFORD]. read more

Robert Jamieson; A. R. Fausset; David Brown

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Revelation 21:20

20. sardonyx—a gem having the redness of the cornelian, and the whiteness of the onyx. sardius—(See on :-). chrysolite—described by PLINY as transparent and of a golden brightness, like our topaz: different from our pale green crystallized chrysolite. beryl—of a sea-green color. topaz—PLINY [37.32], makes it green and transparent, like our chrysolite. chrysoprasus—somewhat pale, and having the purple color of the amethyst [PLINY, 37, 20, 21]. jacinth—The flashing violet brightness in the... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 21:11-22

The physical features of the city 21:11-22 read more