Genesis 1:2

And. Note the Figure of speech Polysyndeton ( App-6 ), by which, in the 34 verses of this Introduction, each one of 102 separate acts are emphasized; and the important word "God" in Genesis 1:1 is carried like a lamp through the whole of this Introduction (Genesis 1:1 Genesis 2:3 ).

the earth. Figure of speech Anadiplosis. See App-6 .

was = became. See Genesis 2:7 ; Genesis 4:3 ; Genesis 9:15 ; Genesis 19:26 . Exodus 32:1 . Deu 27:9 . 2 Samuel 7:24 , &c. Also rendered came to pass Genesis 4:14 ; Genesis 22:1 ; Genesis 23:1 ; Genesis 27:1 .Joshua 4:1 ; Joshua 5:1 . 1 Kings 13:32 .Isaiah 14:24 , &c. Also rendered be (in the sense of become) Genesis 1:3 , &c, and where the verb "to be" is not in italic type. Hence, Exodus 3:1 , kept = became keeper, quit = become men, &c. See App-7 .

without form = waste. Hebrew. tohu va bohu. Figure of speech Paronomasia. App-6 . Not created tohu (Isaiah 45:18 ), but became tohu (Genesis 1:2 . 2 Peter 3:5 , 2 Peter 3:6 ). " An enemy hath done this" (Matthew 13:25 , Matthew 13:28 , Matthew 13:39 . Compare 1 Corinthians 14:33 .) See App-8 .

was. This is in italic type, because no verb "to be" in Hebrew. ( App-7 ). In like manner man became a ruin (Genesis 3:0 ; Psalms 14:1-3 ; Psalms 51:5 ; Psalms 53:1-3 .Ecclesiastes 7:20 . Romans 7:18 ).

face. Figure of speech Pleonasm. App-6 .

the Spirit of God moved (see App-9 ) = The beginning of "the heavens and earth which are now" (2 Peter 3:7 ). It is even so in the New Creation. The Spirit moves (John 3:3-8 . Romans 8:5 , Romans 8:9 , Romans 8:14 .Galatians 1:4 , Gal 1:29 . 2 Corinthians 5:17 , 2 Corinthians 5:18 ).

deep; waters = Job 38:29-30