Verse 12
when, &c . Literally Gallio being proconsul. Another instance of. Luke's accuracy. Achaia was a senatorial province under Augustus, imperial under Tiberius, but after A.D. 44 restored by Claudius to the senate and therefore governed by a proconsul.
Gallio . Brother of Seneca, who was Nero's tutor. Said to be an amiable and gracious man.
was the deputy . Greek. anthupateuo. Literally holding the office of proconsul ( anthupatos) . Only here. Some of the texts read anthupatou ontos, being proconsul. Compare Acts 13:7 ; Acts 19:38 .
made insurrection . . . against = rose up against. Greek. katephistemi. Only here. The verb ephistemi occurs Acts 17:5 , "assault".
with one accord . Greek. homothumadon. See note on Acts 1:14 .
judgment seat . Greek. bema. See note on John 19:13 . In the Athenian courts there were two other platforms, for the accuser and the accused.
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