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Verse 1

The Jewish refugees did not all stay in Tahpanhes. Some of them moved on and took up residence in the Egyptian towns of Migdol (probably about 25 miles east-northeast of Tahpanhes; cf. Exodus 14:2; Numbers 33:7; Ezekiel 29:10; Ezekiel 30:6), Noph (Gr. Memphis, the chief city of lower or northern Egypt, about 13 miles south of Cairo on the western bank of the Nile), and in the territory of Pathros (lit. land of the south, i.e., upper or southern Egypt; cf. Jeremiah 44:15). Other Jews had migrated to Egypt earlier to escape the Babylonians. The Lord gave Jeremiah another message for all of them.

A sizable Jewish community existed at Elephantine, in the Pathros region, during the fifth century B.C. Archaeologists have discovered important documents there that provide helpful information about their society. Their cult consisted of a mixture of Israelite and Canaanite religious elements. [Note: See Leon J. Wood, A Survey of Israel’s History, pp. 409-11; and A. Cowley, Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C.]

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