Romans 13

C. Conduct within the state ch. 13

This chapter broadens the Christian’s sphere of responsibility by extending it to include the civil government under which he or she lives. Romans 13 is the premier New Testament passage that explains the believer’s civil responsibilities. Paul expounded what it means to render unto Caesar what belongs to him (Matthew 22:21). This subject has bearing on the spread of the gospel, so it is especially appropriate in this epistle. The connection with Romans 12:17-21 should be obvious. This passage also ties in with Romans 12:1-2 as one sphere of application. The church is not a nation among nations as Israel was. Consequently it was important that Paul clarify Christians’ duties to our earthly rulers as well as our duty to our heavenly Ruler. [Note: See John A. Witmer, "The Man with Two Countries," Bibliotheca Sacra 133:532 (October-December 1976):338-49; W. Robert Cook, "Biblical Light on the Christian’s Civil Responsibility," Bibliotheca Sacra 127:505 (January-March 1970):44-47); and Charles C. Ryrie, What You Should Know about Social Responsibility, pp. 77-84; or idem, You Mean the Bible Teaches That . . ., pp. 11-22.]