John 19:31 - Exposition

The Jews therefore, because it was the preparation; that is, the day before the sabbath ( Mark 15:42 ). This note of time certainly blends both the synoptists and John in the assurance that the crucifixion took place on a Friday. It was also, according to the previous statement, the preparation of the Passover, which, we have seen, is better understood in that literal sense than in the sense of "the Friday of Passover week." Consequently, there was a twofold sanctity about that particular sabbath, seeing that the sabbatic rest of the day following the Paschal meal coincided with the ordinary weekly sabbath; ( for great, or high, was the day of that sabbath ) (cf. Exodus 12:16 ; Le Exodus 23:7 ; and notes on John 13:1 ; John 18:28 ' John 19:14 ). It was a "great" and "high" day in a sense far more profoundly impressive than any that could be derived from the ceremonial enactments of the Hebrew code. The sabbath of his rest came at length. The toil, the agony, are over, the whole world is transformed during its hours into his resting-place. There has been no such sabbath since the creative Word rested from all his work. In order that the bodies should not remain on the cross on the sabbath. This statement, with the events which followed, strongly confirms our interpretation of the day of the Crucifixion. The Jews would scarcely have justified a crucifixion on the first sabbatic day of the feast, if they shrank from the proceeding here described as in danger of taking place on the ordinary sabbath. They follow the law ( Deuteronomy 21:22 , Deuteronomy 21:23 ) so far as it would apply, and hasten the dissolution of the crucified, if it had not already occurred. (They) asked Pilate that their legs might be broken (crushed) [ κατεαγῶσιν , the same as aorist passive, κατάγνυμι , ἀρθώσιν , first aorist passive], and that they might be taken away, as polluting corpses . The σκελοκοπία , equivalent to crurifragium, is a Roman custom, as it is clearly established by numerous authorities;—a brutal custom, which added to the cruel shame and torment, even though it hastened the end.