Introduction
The occasion of this psalm is generally considered the same as Psalms 147, 118, 150. The national joy now rose to the sublimest height, as in the earlier and heroic days. Their experience had taught them that they lived in the midst of great and hostile nations, who envied their prosperity, hated their religion, and had “afflicted them from their youth.” Psalms 129:0. They must not, therefore, lay down the sword, nor omit the preparations of self-defence. Their walled capital awoke their ancient chivalry, and distinguished them at once as being no longer defenceless nomads but a nation, and God was their king. Psalms 149:2. Nay, God would make them the instruments of his wrath upon the heathen people that should assail them, and put in their power kings and nobles who should invade them. The old theocratic faith, that Jehovah would reign over the nations through Israel now regained dominion. It is in this light we are to construe the apparently harsh language of Psalms 149:6-9
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