(1):

(n.) The application of an adjective to a noun in anticipation, or to denote the result, of the action of the verb; as, to strike one dumb.

(2):

(n.) A necessary truth or assumption; a first or assumed principle.

(3):

(n.) A figure by which objections are anticipated or prevented.

(4):

(n.) An error in chronology, consisting in an event being dated before the actual time.