hand´mād : Which appears often in the Old Testament, but seldom in the New Testament, like bondmaid, is used to translate two Hebrew words ( שׁפחה , shiphḥāh , and אמה , 'āmāh ) both of which normally mean a female slave. It is used to translate the former word in the ordinary sense of female slave in Genesis 16:1; Genesis 25:12; Genesis 29:24 , Genesis 29:29; Proverbs 30:23; Jeremiah 34:11 , Jeremiah 34:16; Joel 2:29; to translate the latter word in Exodus 23:12; Judges 19:19; 2 Samuel 6:20 . It is used as a term of humility and respectful self-depreciation in the presence of great men, prophets and kings, to translate the former word in Rth 2:13; 1 Samuel 1:18; 1 Samuel 28:21; 2 Samuel 14:6; 2 Kings 4:2 , 2 Kings 4:16; it translates the latter word in the same sense in Rth 3:9; 1 Samuel 1:16; 1 Samuel 25:24 , 1 Samuel 25:28 , 1 Samuel 25:31 , 1 Samuel 25:41; 2 Samuel 20:17; 1 Kings 1:13 , 1 Kings 1:17; 1 Kings 3:20 . It is also used to express a sense of religious humility in translating the latter word only, and appears in this sense in but three passages, 1 Samuel 1:11; Psalm 86:16; Psalm 116:16 .
In the New Testament it occurs 3 t, in a religious sense, as the translation of δούλη , doúlē , "a female slave" ( Luke 1:38 , Luke 1:48; Acts 2:18 ), and twice (Galatians 4:22 , Galatians 4:23 ) as the translation of παιδίσκη , paidı́skē , the King James Version "bondmaid."
The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (ISBE) was edited by James Orr, John Nuelsen, Edgar Mullins, Morris Evans, and Melvin Grove Kyle and was published complete in 1939. This web site includes the complete text.
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