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Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:8

‘ And the children of Judah fought against Jerusalem, and took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and set the city on fire.’ This may have been the lower city, or a temporary occupation of the whole. Contrast Joshua 15:63. But that was a statement of the general position with regard to the fortress of Jerusalem. Here they captured part of it and slew those within it, but their occupation was clearly only temporary. They did not have the means to fortify it, or sufficient men to leave... read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:9

‘ And afterwards the children of Judah went down to fight against the Canaanites who dwelt in the hill country, and in the south, and in the lowland.’ The invasion under Joshua had defeated the forces that had come against it, had weakened the Canaanites, and had subdued parts of the land, especially in the hill country, and they were able to settle down and be at peace. But they saw the whole land as being given to them by God and it was their aim to subdue the whole, and their remit was to... read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:10

Referral Back to Previous Conquests by Judah in the Time of Joshua (Judges 1:10-20 ). Judges 1:10 ‘ And Judah went against the Canaanites who dwelt in Hebron. Now the name of Hebron was previously Kiriath-arba. And they slew Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai ’ The first attack was on the hill country. Hebron was first taken by Joshua, and the inhabitants put to the sword (Joshua 10:36-39) , but while Joshua was employed in making other conquests, the Canaanites who had fled into the mountains... read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:11

‘ And from there he went against the inhabitants of Debir. Now the name of Debir before was Kiriath-sepher.’ After Hebron Caleb’s next object was Debir, a city at the southern end of the Judean hills. It is called Kiriath-sannah (city of palm leaf) in Joshua 15:49. Here it is called Kiriath-sepher (city of writing) as in Joshua 15:16. Both names connect with scribal activity (palm leaves were writing materials) which suggests it was well known as a scribal city. Thus its local names read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:12

‘ And Caleb said, “He who smites Kiriath-sepher, and takes it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife”.’ This was a kind of test of suitability. Chief’s daughters were given to mighty champions to ensure continual strong leadership. Compare Saul’s offer in 1 Samuel 17:25. It is understandable why Saul did not fulfil his promise. When he made it he was expecting a champion not an inexperienced young man. read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:13

‘ And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it, and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife.’ It was probably Kenaz who was Caleb’s younger brother. The son and daughter were thus cousins. Othniel was probably Caleb’s hope in the first place. ‘Son of Kenaz’ might simply indicate that he too was a Kenizzite, but it is unlikely that Caleb would give his daughter to his younger brother in this way (Leviticus 18:9), and there is no reason why a Kenizzite should not be called... read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:14-15

‘ And it happened that when she came to him, she moved him to ask of her father a field, and she lighted from her ass, and Caleb said to her, “What is it you want?” And she said to him, “Give me a blessing, for you have set me in the land of the South. Give me also springs of water.” And Caleb gave her the upper springs and the nether springs.’ The dowry Othniel requested, at her suggestion, was land, and when his wife discovered where this was, in the South, she approached her father to... read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:16

‘ And the children of the Kenite, Moses' brother-in-law (or ‘father-in-law’), went up from the city of palm trees with the children of Judah into the wilderness of Judah, which is in the south of Arad, and they went and dwelt with the people.’ “The children of the Kenite, Moses” brother-in-law’ (the word can indicate brother-in-law or father-in-law depending on how it is pointed. Ancient Hebrew had few vowels. The vowels were added later by a system known as ‘pointing’). We may reasonably see... read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:17

‘ And Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they smote the Canaanites who inhabited Zephath, and utterly destroyed it, and the name of the city was called Hormah.’ The alliance continued their work by capturing Zephath. The impression given is that it was in Simeonite territory as ‘Judah went with Simeon’. It was ‘devoted’ to Yahweh and therefore totally destroyed, possibly as the first city to be captured for Simeon. Hormah means ‘devoted’ (i.e. to God). But it may also be because of the... read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Judges 1:18

‘ Also Judah took Gaza, with its border, and Ashkelon with its border, and Ekron with its border.’ These were city states in the coastal plain, from Gaza in the south to Ekron in the north, a distance of thirty to forty miles. No mention is made of Gath or Ashdod, which along with Gaza was where Anakim still survived (Joshua 11:22). These were possibly the cities they did not conquer because they had iron chariots (Judges 1:19). It may even be that the reason that they took these three cities... read more

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