Romans 11:6-36 BSB

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:15

When Israel returns to God and He accepts her, the results for all humankind will be comparable to life from the dead (cf. Ezekiel 37). God’s blessings on humanity now will pale by comparison with what the world will experience then (i.e., during the Millennium). read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:16

The first piece of dough (firstfruits) describes the believing remnant in Israel now, Christian Jews. The "lump" or "batch" refers to the whole nation, Israel. God has consecrated both groups to Himself.The root and branches must refer to the Abrahamic Covenant and the believing and unbelieving Gentiles and Jews respectively in view of how Paul proceeded to develop this illustration in Romans 11:17-24. [Note: See J. Dwight Pentecost, Thy Kingdom Come, p. 286.] Moo saw the root as the patriarchs... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:17

The cultivated olive tree was a symbol of the nation of Israel in the Old Testament (Jeremiah 11:16-17; Hosea 14:4-6). The wild olive tree represents the Gentile world. [Note: Bruce, p. 204.] The rich root of the cultivated tree, Israel, probably corresponds to the Abrahamic Covenant from which all God’s blessings and the very life of the nation sprang. We might add to the illustration by saying that the roots derive their nourishment from God Himself.Paul said that God grafted Gentiles in... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:18

Gentile believers should not feel superior to Jewish unbelievers, the branches that God has broken off the tree (Israel; Romans 11:17; Romans 11:19). Gentile believers might conclude that their salvation is what was responsible for the continuing existence of Israel (cf. Romans 11:14). Really it is God’s faithfulness in honoring the Abrahamic Covenant that is responsible for that. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:19-20

It is true that one of the reasons Gentiles have become partakers of the blessings of the Abrahamic Covenant is that many of the Jews have not believed. Of course, it was always God’s purpose to bless Gentiles (Genesis 12:1-3). However the Gentile believer who may feel superior to the unbelieving Jew needs to remember something. The only reason he is where he is (partaking of blessing from the Abrahamic Covenant) is because he has simply believed God. He is not there because he has done some... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:21

Throughout this whole discussion Paul was viewing Gentile believers and Jewish unbelievers as two groups. This fact is clear from his use of the singular "you" in the Greek text (su, Romans 11:17-24). If he had been speaking of individual believers, we might conclude that this verse provides some basis for believing that a believer can lose his salvation. Paul’s point was, if God set aside Jews temporarily because of their unbelief, He could do the same with Gentiles because of their boasting. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:22

"Those who fell" are the unbelieving Jews, and "you" are the believing Gentiles. The positions are reversible. Gentiles can become objects of God’s sternness, and Jews can become the object of His kindness. This depends on their responses to God. Their response determines whether God will spare them (Romans 11:21) or cut them off (Romans 11:22). read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:23

Belief is what resulted in God grafting in believing Gentiles (Romans 11:17), and belief could result in Him grafting in believing Jews in the future. In the illustration the whole trunk of the cultivated olive tree represents Israel and the natural branches are Jews. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:24

Here is another of Paul’s "much more" comparisons (Romans 5:9; Romans 5:19; Romans 5:15; Romans 5:17; cf. Luke 11:13). If God did the difficult thing, namely, grafting wild branches (believing Gentiles) onto the trunk (Israel), it should not be hard to believe that He will do the easier thing. The easier thing is restoring the pruned branches of the cultivated tree (unbelieving Jews who will come to faith in Christ) to their former position (as members of Israel)."The restoration of converted... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:25

A "mystery" in the New Testament refers to a truth previously unknown but now revealed. In the "mystery religions" of the Greco-Roman world, initiates received secret information that was unknown to non-initiates. A modern counterpart is the "secret societies" (e.g., the Masons, the Eastern Star, et al.). That revelation in this case was that Israel (ethnic Jews) would experience a partial hardening from God until the full number of elect Gentiles would be saved. God’s plan to put the nation of... read more

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:15

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:16

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:17

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:18

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:19-20

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:21

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:22

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:23

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:24

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Romans 11:25

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