DAVID’S INTRODUCTION TO THE COURT OF SAUL, 1 Samuel 16:14-23. 14. The Spirit of the Lord departed from Saul The divine influences of which he had been made a partaker at the beginning of his career (see 1 Samuel 10:10; 1 Samuel 11:6) were withdrawn from him, and God no longer inspired him to noble enterprises. read more
15. An evil spirit… troubleth thee A demon like those mentioned so frequently in the New Testament, sent by permission of the Lord, as Satan in the case of Job. Job 2:7. See notes on Matthew 4:24, and Mark 5:2. It is not only by Saul’s servants, but by the sacred writer himself, that we are told it was an evil spirit from the Lord; so we cannot regard it as merely a superstitious and mistaken notion of Saul’s physicians. Compare 1 Samuel 18:10; 1 Samuel 19:9. But while he thus became... read more
16. A cunning player on a harp One skilled in the use of that instrument. He shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well Numerous instances in ancient and modern times illustrate the power of music to quell disorders of the mind. One old author says: “Music is the cure for many affections of the mind and body such as absence of mind, fearful apprehensions and long-continued derangement.” Censorinus, a writer of the third century, says that the physician Asclepiades was accustomed by... read more
18. A mighty valiant man, and a man of war From what we learn in 1 Samuel 17:34-35, of David’s early conflicts with wild beasts, we may readily infer that long before his warlike abilities became patent to the public eye there were individuals who knew of these his early conflicts, and discerned in the youthful hero the beginnings of a mighty warrior. Prudent in matters Hebrew, knowing of speech; skilled in the use of language. The words and psalms of David show him to have been... read more
19. Thy son, which is with the sheep Saul’s servant, who informed him of David, seems to have known this son of Jesse only as the remarkable shepherd boy. read more
20. An ass laden with bread… wine… kid See note on 1 Samuel 9:7. The Hebrew is, literally, an ass of bread, and some have thought it to be the name of a weight or measure, but the English version conveys the better meaning. “It is a pleasant picture to conceive the future king of Israel stepping lightly along behind the animal, with his shepherd’s staff and scrip, and entertained as he went by the gambols of the kid. His light harp was, no doubt, slung to his back; and it is likely that... read more
21. He became his armourbearer That is, Saul conferred upon him this office as a token of confidence and love; but he never actually exercised its duties, unless, perhaps, for a short time after his victory over Goliath. read more
23. David… played… Saul was refreshed “They sit side by side, the likeness of the old system passing away, of the new system coming into existence. Saul, the warlike chief, his great spear always by his side, reluctant, moody, melancholy; and David, the youthful minstrel, his harp in his hand, fresh from the schools where the spirit of the better times was fostered, pouring forth, to soothe the troubled spirit of the king, the earliest of those strains which have soothed the troubled... read more
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Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Samuel 16:13
13. Anointed him in the midst of his brethren But though these sons of Jesse saw this honour conferred on their youngest brother, they seem not to have understood its meaning. They may have thought that he was anointed because of some desire or intention of the prophet to make him a pupil of one of the prophetical schools. The Spirit of the Lord came upon David from that day forward “A spirit of prudence to behave himself wisely upon all occasions; with a spirit of courage, so that he... read more