It was said unto her, The elder shall serve the younger.The elder — Esau.Shall serve the younger — Not in person, for he never did; but in his posterity. Accordingly the Edomites were often brought into subjection by the Israelites. Genesis 25:23. read more
As it is written, Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated.As it is written — With which word in Genesis, spoken so long before, that of Malachi agrees.I have loved Jacob — With a peculiar love; that is, the Israelites, the posterity of Jacob. And I have, comparatively, hated Esau - That is, the Edomites, the posterity of Esau. But observe, 1. This does not relate to the person of Jacob or Esau2. Nor does it relate to the eternal state either of them or their posterity. Thus far the apostle... read more
What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid.Is there injustice with God — Is it unjust in God to give Jacob the blessing rather than Esau? or to accept believers, and them only.God forbid — In no wise. This is well consistent with justice; for he has a right to fix the terms on which he will show mercy, according to his declaration to Moses, petitioning for all the people, after they had committed idolatry with the golden calf.I will have mercy on whom I will have... read more
For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.Exodus 33:19. read more
1. St. Paul’s great Grief at Israel’s Rejection , Romans 9:1-5 . 1. In Christ Some commentators have strangely rendered this as an oath by Christ. The phrase is parallel with in the Holy Ghost in this verse, and both are parallel to the phrases in Christ in a great number of passages. The Christian, as such, is in Christ; his whole words and works are wrought in Christ. (See note on Romans 6:3.) Lie not As doubtless the Jewish zealots in the synagogue disputes had often... read more
3. I could wish Not I did wish, nor I do wish; but, if it were a thing permissible, either in the fact or in the wish, then I could wish. The apostle, then, does not rally form or entertain the wish, but he comes as nigh to it as the right allows. (See note on Matthew 26:39.) Accursed The Greek would be, I could wish myself an anathema from Christ. An anathema in the Jewish ritual was a thing consecrated to God. It was thereby God’s own property, no longer man’s. Hence it was... read more
4. Israelites Their loftier title, derived not from Jacob, the supplanter, nor, like Jews, from a single remnant tribe (Judah) alone; but derived from their great founder, and from his name given as wrestler and overcomer with God. Paul in these two verses enumerates the glories of Israel in the true enthusiasm of an Israelite, to show how he sympathized in Israelite greatness. The passage is parallel with Romans 3:2; Romans 2:17-20, where see notes. The adoption By which Abraham and his... read more
5. The fathers Including not only Abraham and his patriarchal sons, but the whole wonderful pedigree running through Heber up to Adam. This recorded pedigree, the very pith of the human race, Israel alone had preserved. At one end (according to Luke’s list) was Adam and God, at the other Christ; so that Israel was the divine Adamic-Messianic race. The flesh In antithesis with his being over all, God. So that we have here his double nature as human-divine. Over all As he is humanly the... read more
6. Not as though The Jew must not imagine that Paul’s grief implies God’s unfaithfulness. The same denial as in Romans 3:3-4, where see our note. Word Equivalent to promise in Romans 9:8. The great promise, as comprehensively embracing all the promises, is in Genesis 22:18: “In thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed.” This great faith-conditioned promise underlay all the prerogatives of Israel in Romans 9:4-5, above, including the Messiah and all the blessings... read more
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes - Romans 9:10
And not only this; but when Rebecca also had conceived by one, even by our father Isaac;And that God's blessing does not belong to all the descendants of Abraham, appears not only by this instance, but by that of Esau and Jacob, who was chosen to inherit the blessing, before either of them had done good or evil. The apostle mentions this to show, that neither were their ancestors accepted through any merit of their own.That the purpose of God according to election might stand — Whose purpose... read more