33. Their days did he consume in vanity During the thirty-eight years of their wandering, after the sentence of Numbers 14:28-35, nothing is recorded of them except the conspiracy of Korah and his company, and a few camp stations. Vanity and trouble fill up the monotonous record. Psalms 90:9 read more
34. When he slew them, then The “when” and “then” are emphatic words. If we give a more uniform rendering to ו , ( ve,) “then,” “and” “but,” in the English version, so as to preserve its relation to the contingent particle, אמ , ( eem,) when, if, we get a clearer contrast between the character of God and that of his people as given Psalms 78:34-39. Thus: When he slew them, then they sought him, Then they turned and early sought God, Then they remembered that God is their... read more
41. Limited See on Psalms 78:18-19. They either questioned God’s power, or prescribed to him what to do and what not to do. read more
43, 44. Field of Zoan See on Psalms 78:12. Rivers into blood This was the first plague. Exodus 7:20-21. The plural, rivers, includes the Nile with its arms and canals. Isaiah 19:6-8; Ezekiel 29:3-5; Ezekiel 29:9-10. Whether the waters were literally changed to blood, or merely into the appearance of blood, (as 2 Kings 3:22-23,) is not known, but that they were chemically changed, and had the appearance of blood, is certain, for the effect was to kill all fish and water animals, and to... read more
43-53. Having surveyed the wilderness life of the people, (Psalms 78:14-42,) the author now returns to the wonders of Egypt and the exodus, which he had already anticipated. Psalms 78:12-13 read more
45. Divers sorts of flies This was the fourth plague. Exodus 8:21. The English translation of ערב , ( ‘arobh,) here and Psalms 105:31, supposes a mixture of species, but the commonly accepted derivation of the word by modern critics does not justify this ancient interpretation, but denotes a species that stings like a scorpion and sucks blood. See Isaiah 7:18. Clark ( Israel in Egypt, p. 22) would favour the common fly of Egypt, which is bad enough. Van Lennep ( Bible Lands, page... read more
46. Caterpillar… locust If, as some suppose, the former word ( הסיל , hhaseel) denotes the larva, or caterpillar stage of the locust, then the latter word ( ארבה , arbeh,) must signify the winged locust: but if the former be taken for locust, the latter must be understood of some particular species, like the Acridium peregrinum, more terrible for its destructive habits. The Septuagint has ερυσιβη , blight, canker, and in Psalms 105:34, βρουχος , a species of locust without... read more
47. Hail Not uncommon in Egypt, but this, for severity, exceeded any hail tempest ever known. The miracle consisted in the unwonted severity of the storm, (Exodus 9:22-25,) and in its being foretold. Psalms 78:18. Sycamore Or fig mulberry, or wild fig tree, abounding in Egypt. Its leaves are like the mulberry, and its fruit like the fig, affording large supplies to the poor, and hence cultivated. 1 Chronicles 27:28. Frost The Hebrew word occurs nowhere else in Scripture, but as it is... read more
48. Hot thunderbolts The word indicates balls, or streams, of fire, like red hot coals, as in Habakkuk 3:5; Song of Solomon 8:6. It was an unparalleled electrical phenomenon, even for an Egyptian climate. The narrative says, “The fire ran along upon the ground.” Exodus 9:23 read more
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Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Psalms 78:32
32. They sinned still Namely, at Kadesh, (Numbers 14:0;) and at their second arrival at Kadesh, thirty-eight years after, (Numbers 20:0;) in their murmur at the destruction of Korah and his company, (Numbers 16:41;) and later, in the Arabah, south of Mount Hor, (Numbers 21:4-9;) and in the valley of Jordan, (Numbers 25:1,) besides other instances of lesser note. Believed not Did not continue in faith. Their chastisements and their mercies were alike a “savour of death unto death.” read more