24. Were distressed Fatigued; tired out by the arduous fighting. For Saul had adjured the people This rendering implies that Saul had made his adjuration before the battle; but in the Hebrew the letter translated for is the conjunction and, ( ו ) and indicates that Saul made the adjuration after he saw the distress of the people. He perceived that his men were faint, but feared that any delay might turn the tide of battle. read more
SAUL’S HASTY ADJURATION, 1 Samuel 14:24-46. Here again we meet with a display of the rash and impetuous spirit of Saul. He wished to make the most of his opportunity, and inflict the greatest possible disasters on his enemy; but his oath not only failed to accomplish this object, but even led to his own confusion when the people interfered and rescued Jonathan from his curse. Had the victors been permitted to eat freely of the spoil, they would in all probability have been able to have made the... read more
26. The honey dropped Kitto quotes Mr. Roberts as saying: “Bees in the East are not, as in England, kept in hives; they are all in a wild state. The forests literally flow with honey; large combs may be seen hanging in the trees as you pass along, full of honey.” Dr. Thomson says: “I have explored densely wooded gorges in Hermon and in southern Lebanon where wild bees are still found both in trees and in the clefts of the rocks.” read more
27. His eyes were enlightened Languor and faintness of the body show themselves in the eye, and this was the case with Jonathan and the people. But this refreshing taste of wild honey reinvigorated Jonathan, and caused his eyes to sparkle with returning strength. There is some confusion here in the pointed Hebrew text. The Keri, after the analogy of ארו in 1 Samuel 14:29, and with many codices, and the Syriac, Arabic, Chaldee, and Vulgate, read תארנה , from אור , to become bright. But... read more
29. My father hath troubled the land Jonathan is quick to see the rashness and folly of his father’s oath, and to point out its injury to the Hebrews’ cause. read more
31. From Michmash to Aijalon A distance of fifteen miles or more. Aijalon, the modern Yalo, was situated on the south side of a beautiful valley, a little to the southwest of the two Beth-horons, and is famous for its association with Joshua’s great battle at Gibeon and Beth-horon. Joshua 10:12. read more
32. The people flew upon the spoil, and… did eat… with the blood This was another unfortunate result of Saul’s hasty oath. So voracious did the people become by the evening time that, in their haste to satisfy their hunger, they waited not for proper dressing and cooking, but ate the sheep and oxen with the blood, thus violating an oft-repeated commandment of the law. See marginal references. The reading of the Keri ויעשׂ , from עושׂ , or עישׂ , to fly upon, after the analogy of 1... read more
33. Roll a great stone unto me For the purpose of building an altar, whereon the peace offerings of sheep and oxen might be properly slain. read more
35. The same was the first altar that he built Literally, It he began to build an altar to Jehovah. Compare margin. This, means, according to Grotius, that Saul commenced the building of the altar by laying the first stone himself. Hervey thinks he began to build an altar, but, in his haste to pursue the Philistines, did not finish it. But the previous sentence states that he did build the altar, and the previous verse implies that sacrifices were offered on it. The more probable meaning... read more
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Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Samuel 14:23
23. The battle passed over unto Beth-aven Rather, passed beyond Beth-aven. Assuming that Beth-aven lay west of Michmash, (see on 1 Samuel 13:5,) we suppose the Philistines were chased beyond this place on their way to Aijalon. 1 Samuel 14:31. read more