Thou, who wast king of kings, and far superior to us in power and authority, that didst neither fear God nor reverence man, that didst slay whom thou wouldst, and keep alive whom thou wouldst, Daniel 5:19. read more
Thy pomp is brought down to the grave; all thy glory is lost and buried with thee. The noise of thy viols; all thy musical and melodious instruments, which were much used in Babylon, Daniel 3:5,Daniel 3:7,Daniel 3:10, and were doubtless used in Belshazzar’s solemn feast, Daniel 5:1, at which time the city was taken; to which possibly the prophet here alludes. The worm is spread under thee, instead of those rich and stately carpets upon which thou didst frequently tread. read more
From heaven; from the height of thy glory and royal majesty. As kings are sometimes called gods in Scripture, so their palaces and thrones may be fitly called their heavens. O Lucifer; which properly is a bright and eminent star, which ushers in the sun and the morning; but is here metaphorically taken for the high and mighty king of Babylon. And it is a very usual thing, both in prophetical and in profane writers, to describe the princes and potentates of the world under the title of the sun... read more
I will ascend into heaven; I will advance myself above the state of a weak and mortal man. Great monarchs are easily induced, by their own vain imaginations, and the flattery of their courtiers, to entertain an opinion of their own divinity; so far that many of them have received and required Divine worship to be paid to them. Above the stars of God; either, 1. Above all other kings and potentates whom he hath set up; or, 2. Above the most eminent persons of God’s church and people, who are... read more
Above the heights of the clouds, to wit, into heaven, as he said, Isaiah 14:13. Like the Most High, in the uncontrollableness of my power, and the universal extent of my dominion over all the earth. read more
Shall narrowly look upon thee; as hardly believing their own eyes, because this change seemed impossible to them. The earth; all the nations of the earth. read more
Whereby he signifies both his irresistible power, and his continued cruelty. He neither was willing to give them any liberty or ease, nor could any force him to do it. read more
All of them; other kings most commonly do, as the word all is frequently used. Every one in his own house; are buried in their own sepulchres, having stately monuments erected to their honour and memory. read more
Cast out of thy grave; or, cast from thy grave or burying place; which very probably happened to Belshazzar, who was slain in the night, Daniel 5:30, when his people had neither opportunity nor heart to bestow an honourable interment upon him, and the conquerors would not suffer them to do it. Like an abominable branch; like a useless and rotten twig of a tree, which he that pruneth the trees cutteth off, and casteth away with abhorrency, and suffers to lie rotting more and more upon the... read more
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Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Isaiah 14:9
Hell; or, the grave, as the same word is rendered, Isaiah 14:11, and in innumerable other places; to which he elegantly ascribeth sense and speech, as poets and orators frequently do. The chief ones, Heb. the he-goats; which lead and govern the flock. From their thrones; from their several graves, which he seems to call their thrones by way of irony or derision, the only thrones now left to them. Thrones both paved and covered with worms, as is noted, Isaiah 14:11, instead of their former... read more