Job 1:1-20 ESV

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:11

11. Touch all that he hath God needs but touch the fairest estate of man and it withers. The word נגע may also be rendered smite, as in Job 1:19. It is worthy of special remark that Job’s piteous cry, “the hand of God hath touched me,” (Job 19:21,) corresponds to the present cruel demand of Satan with the same word, נגע . Some have indulged the fanciful notion that the Satan here is merely an accusing angel; but the maliciousness evinced not only in his sneer at human virtue, but in his... read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:12

12. All that he hath is in thy power As in the margin, hand. Job is now delivered into the hand of Satan. His piety is to be put to the sorest test. All virtue is conditioned upon trial the higher the virtue the severer the ordeal. The stroke is a bold one, even for the empire of the world. For God had declared Job the best man then living. (Job 1:8.) If Satan should succeed in showing Job to be a hypocrite, he will practically demonstrate that there is no substantial virtue in the... read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:13

13. There was a day Literally, Now it was the day; the day of festivity, which in the rotation happened to be at the house of the firstborn. On this account it was probably the most marked of all the feasts of the year. It was a feast, too, in which the drinking of wine is specified, to set forth its sumptuousness and hilarity. These two circumstances heighten the precipice down which the family is so soon to be plunged. In the mention of wine-drinking we have, in part, the reason for... read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:13-19

FOUR MESSENGERS OF MISFORTUNE, Job 1:13-19. “It is not accidental,” says Hengstenberg, “that there are just four catastrophes divided into two pairs, and corresponding to the fourfold particularization of the righteousness of Job. In them may be seen a sort of irony of destiny touching his and all human righteousness.” The Germans have also remarked upon the peculiarity that the first and third of the calamities are ascribed to human, the second and fourth to celestial agencies. Evans. The... read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:14

FIRST MESSENGER. 14. A messenger In each of the four cases the messenger was, Chrysostom thinks, (though without authority from the text,) Satan himself, who brought the tidings to Job that he might feed on his misery. The oxen were ploughing A single touch of the pencil sets forth the quietude and peace that reigned around. The scientist speaks of a like hush of nature before an earthquake. “The ancient plough was entirely of wood, and of as simple a form as that of modern Egypt. It... read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:15

15. The Sabeans In the original, Sheba; the name of the country, for its inhabitants. In broken and startling language he cries, “Sheba fell and took them.” Three races bearing the name Sabean are mentioned in Genesis: the one in the line of Cush, (Job 10:7,) the second of Joktan, (Job 10:28,) and the third in that of Abraham by Keturah, (Job 25:3.) The Sabeans of our text were of the last-named lineage, and as a nomadic tribe occupied the country south-east of Uz; that part of Arabia... read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:16

SECOND MESSENGER. 16. Fire of God Or lightning, as in 1 Kings 18:38. Thus Euripides: Alas! alas! may the fire of heaven Strike through my head. Medea, 144. According to Delitzsch, a rain of fire like that of Sodom. Umbreit and Ewald suppose it to have been the simoom the fiery, sulphurous wind of Arabia, called by the Arab and the Turk “the wind of poison.” Its approach is heralded by an unusual redness of the sky, which, while the wind lasts, seems to be all on fire. The blast of... read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:17

THIRD MESSENGER. 17. The Chaldaeans Or, Chasdim. They appear to have been one of the many Cushite tribes inhabiting the great alluvial plain lying far to the north-east of Idumea, known as Babylonia or Chaldaea the latter, according to Ptolemy, forming the south-western portion of the former. From the earliest times the people occupying this land, though of the Hamite race, have been distinguished for their cultivation of science and their discoveries in the arts. Their principal tribe... read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:18

18. Drinking wine The mention of wine-drinking in so painful an association, suggests that in the mind of the messenger there may have been the thought, how ill-prepared these young people were for death’s surprise. read more

Daniel Whedon

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:19

19. From the wilderness Literally, from beyond the desert. המדבר with the article as here, generally signifies the great Arabian desert, lying to the south of Palestine, and extending from Egypt as far as the Persian Gulf. The most destructive storms come from that direction. Sweeping across this desert, with no obstacle to break its force, this storm constantly increased in intensity until it became a whirlwind, (so Dillmann thinks,) and thus struck the four corners of the house at... read more

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:11

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:12

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:13

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:13-19

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:14

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:15

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:16

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:17

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:18

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Job 1:19

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