Not only do evildoers love darkness (John 3:19), they also hate the light. The Greek word translated "evil" is phaula, meaning "worthless." Evildoers avoid the light that Jesus brings, and Jesus Himself (cf. John 1:9-11), because it exposes the vanity of their lives. It shows that they have no meaning, worthy goal, or hope for the future. They know that coming to the light would convict them. Immorality lies behind much unbelief. read more
People who adhere to the truth, on the other hand, come to the light and its source, Jesus. They do not try to cover up worthless deeds, but they are willing to expose them to the searching light of God’s revelation (cf. 1 John 1:8-9). They also humbly acknowledge that the good works that they do are really God’s production. They do all this, of course, because God draws them to Himself. One fundamental difference between believers and unbelievers is their attitude toward the light. It is not... read more
Jesus’ conversation with Nicodemus evidently happened in Jerusalem (John 2:23). Jerusalem was within Judea. After that conversation, Jesus went out into the Judean countryside. Jesus had not yet commissioned the Twelve. That commissioning happened after John the Baptist’s imprisonment (Mark 1:14). The disciples who accompanied Jesus may not have been the Twelve, but they were His followers and they could have included all or some of the Twelve. This is the only record in the Gospels that Jesus... read more
4. John the Baptist’s reaction to Jesus’ ministry 3:22-30The writer next noted the parallel ministries of John the Baptist and Jesus in Judea. John the Baptist readily confessed Jesus’ superiority to him even though they were both doing the same things. This was further testimony to Jesus’ identity. This section constitutes the very core of the Apostle John’s testimony to Jesus’ identity in Jesus’ early ministry (chs. 2-4). read more
The exact location of Aenon (lit. springs) near Salim is unknown today. The best evidence seems to point to a site just south of Scythopolis (Old Testament Beth-shan). [Note: See Tenney, "John," p. 52, and the map "Palestine in the Time of Jesus" at the end of these notes.] The other possible site was a few miles east of Sychar (near Old Testament Shechem). The first site is about 15 miles south of the Sea of Galilee. The second is approximately midway between the Sea of Galilee and the Dead... read more
Obviously John continued preaching and baptizing after Jesus began ministering, and he did so until Herod Antipas imprisoned him. The Synoptic writers began their narratives of Jesus’ public ministry with His ministry in Galilee. They viewed the beginning of Jesus’ ministry as starting with John the Baptist’s imprisonment (Mark 1:14). The Apostle John began his narrative of Jesus’ ministry with His earlier Judean ministry. From him alone we learn that between Jesus’ temptation and John the... read more
Evidently the discussion in view centered on the relation of John’s baptism to other ceremonial washings that various other Jewish authorities espoused. These other washings probably included the practices prescribed in the Old Testament and more modern rites of purification that some Jewish leaders advocated. This verse provides the background from which John’s disciples approached him in the next verse. read more
One of the contemporary baptisms was the one Jesus and His disciples were conducting. John’s disciples mentioned it to John implying that they wanted him to comment on it. They had particular concern that so many people were going to Jesus for baptism. John’s reply (John 3:27-30) suggests that they felt jealous of Jesus’ popularity. They had failed to grasp the purpose of John’s ministry."It is interesting to note that four of the greatest men in the Bible faced this problem of comparison and... read more
John replied to the implied question with an aphorism, a general maxim. He meant that no one can receive anything unless God in His sovereignty permits it (cf. John 6:65; John 19:11; 1 Corinthians 4:7). Regarding Jesus this statement expressed belief that God had permitted Jesus to enjoy the popularity that He was experiencing. It also expressed John’s satisfaction with that state of affairs. John demonstrated an exemplary attitude. He recognized that God had assigned different ministries to... read more
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Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 3:19
John explained the process of mankind’s judgment (Gr. krisis, separating or distinguishing, not krima, the sentence of judgment). Even though light entered the world, people chose darkness over light. The light in view is the revelation that Jesus as the Light of the World brought from the Father, particularly the light of the gospel. The reason people choose darkness over light is their deeds are evil. They prefer their darkness to God’s light because of what the darkness hides, namely, their... read more