judges-4:1-23,-hebrews-11:32-34

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:1

(1) Again did evil in the sight of the Lord.—“They turned their backs, and fell away like their forefathers, starting aside like a broken bow” (Psalms 78:57); see Judges 3:12.When Ehud was dead.—See Judges 3:31. read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:2

(2) Sold them.—See Judges 2:14.Jabin.—The name means, “he is wise.” It may have been a dynastic name, like Abimelech, Melchizedek, Pharaoh, Hadad, Agag, &c.King of Canaan—i.e., of some great tribe or nation of the Canaanite8. In Joshua 11:1 Jabin is called king of Hazor, and sends messages to all the other Canaanite princes.Reigned in Hazor.—See Joshua 11:1. Hazor was in the tribe of Naphtali (Joshua 19:36), and overlooked the waters of Merom (Jos., Antt. v. 5, § 1). We find from Egyptian... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:3

(3) Cried unto the Lord.—Judges 3:9; Judges 3:15; Psalms 107:13.Nine hundred.—Josephus magnifies the number to 3,000.Chariots of iron.—Judges 1:19; Joshua 17:10. We may notice that as the children of Israel burnt these chariots at Misrephoth-maim (Joshua 11:0), they could not have been of solid iron throughout.Mightily oppressed.—The word “mightily” is rendered “sharply” in Judges 8:1; “by force” in 1 Samuel 2:16. read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:4

(4) Deborah.—The name means “bee,” like the Greek Melissa. The names of Jewish women were often derived from natural objects, as Rachel, “a lamb,” Tamar,”a palm,” &c. It has been sometimes regarded as a title given to her as a prophetess, just as the priestesses of Delphi were called Bees (Pindar, Pyth. iv. 106); and priests were called by the title Malebee (Essçn). But the fact that Rachel’s nurse (Genesis 35:8) had the same name is against this supposition, though Josephus (Antt. v., § 5)... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:5

(5) She dwelt under the palm tree of Deborah.—Similarly Abraham is said to have lived under the oak of Mamre (Genesis 14:13), and Saul under the pomegranate of Migron (1 Samuel 14:2). “Such tents the patriarchs loved “(Coleridge). Dean Stanley (Jewish Chron. i. 318) draws a fine contrast between the triumphant “mother of Israel” (Judges 5:0 under her palm, full of the fire of faith and energy,and Judæa Captiva, represented on the coins of Titus as a weeping woman sitting under a palm-tree,... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:6

(6) Barak.—The name means “lightning” (Jos., Antt.), as does Barca, the family name of Hannibal and Hasdrubal. So in Virgil, the Scipios are called “two lightnings of war.” (Comp. Boanerges, Mark 3:17.)Kedesh-naphtali.—The name “Kedesh” means a holy city. There were, therefore, many towns of the name, as Kadesh-Barnea (Numbers 20:1; Joshua 15:23), and Kedesh in Issachar (Joshua 12:22). Jerusalem is called “the holy, the noble” (El kuds, es shereef). This sanctuary of Naphtali was a Levitical... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:7

(7) To the river Kishon.—This word rendered “river” is nachal, which means rather “a torrent-bed” or “water-course,” the Arabic wady, the Italian fiumara—such as the bed of the Kedron and the Rhinocolura. (LXX. cheimarrous, Vulg. torrens.) The river is always prominently mentioned in connection with this great victory (Psalms 83:9), because the overwhelming defeat of Canaan was due in great measure to the providential swelling of the torrent-waters, which turned its banks into a morass and... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:8

(8) If thou wilt go with me.—The enterprise seemed so daring and so hopeless, that if not for his own sake, yet for the sake of his army, Barak felt how much would be gained by the presence of the inspired prophetess. The LXX. has the remarkable addition, “Because I know not the day in which the Lord prospers the angel with me.” This is a sort of excuse for his want of perfect faith. He depends on Deborah to give him the immediate augury of victory. “In the Messenian war the soldiers fought... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:9

(9) I will surely go with thee.—Literally-Going, I will go.Shall not be for thine honour.—Literally, thy pre-eminence (LXX. “proterçma”; Luther, “der Preis “) shall not be on the path which thou enterest.Of a woman.—To enter into the force of this we must remember the humble and almost down-trodden position of women in the East, so that it could hardly fail to be a humiliation to a great warrior to be told that the chief glory would fall to a woman. He may have supposed that the woman was... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:10

(10) Called.—The word used is the technical word for summoning an army (2 Samuel 20:4-5). Naturally Zebulun and Naphtali would be more difficult to arouse than the central tribes, because, though they felt the oppression most, they would have to bear the brunt of the vengeance in case of defeat. Ephraim and Benjamin (Judges 5:14), being more strong and secure, could raise their contingents without the personal help of Deborah, especially if that view of the chronology be admissible which avoids... read more

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:1

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:2

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:3

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:4

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:5

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:6

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:7

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:8

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:9

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Judges 4:10

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