And the men of Israel said, Have ye seen this man that is come up? surely to defy Israel is he come up: and it shall be, that the man who killeth him, the king will enrich him with great riches, and will give him his daughter, and make his father's house free in Israel.Free — Free from all those tributes and charges which either the court or the camp required. read more
And Eliab his eldest brother heard when he spake unto the men; and Eliab's anger was kindled against David, and he said, Why camest thou down hither? and with whom hast thou left those few sheep in the wilderness? I know thy pride, and the naughtiness of thine heart; for thou art come down that thou mightest see the battle.Naughtiness — Thy false-confidence, and vain gloried curiosity. See the folly and wickedness of envy! How groundless its jealousies are, how unjust its censures, how unfair... read more
And David said, What have I now done? Is there not a cause?A cause — Of my thus speaking? Is this giant invincible? Is our God unable to oppose him, and subdue him? However David is not deterred from his undertaking, by the hard words of Eliab. They that undertake public services must not think it strange, if they be opposed by those from whom they had reason to expect assistance, but must humbly go on with their work, in the face, not only of their enemies threats, but of their friends... read more
And he turned from him toward another, and spake after the same manner: and the people answered him again after the former manner.He tarried — For being secretly moved by God's spirit to undertake the combat. He speaks with divers persons about it, that it might come to the king's ear. read more
And David said to Saul, Let no man's heart fail because of him; thy servant will go and fight with this Philistine.Let no man's heart, … — It would have reflected upon his prince to say, Let not thy heart fail: therefore he speaks in general terms, Let no man's heart fail. A little shepherd, come but this morning from keeping sheep, has more courage than all the mighty men of Israel! Thus doth God often do great things for his people by the weak things of the world. read more
12-31. By many critics this passage has been regarded as an interpolation, chiefly for the following reasons: (1.) It is wanting in the Vatican Codex of the Septuagint. But if it were wanting in every copy of the Septuagint, this alone would be no sufficient reason for its rejection; for it can be shown that the translators of that version sometimes made omissions and additions at pleasure. (2.) After what had been written in 1 Samuel 16:1-12, the statements here made (1 Samuel 17:12-14)... read more
20. The trench המעגלה , the wagon rampart. The barrier formed around the encampment by the baggage wagons and other vehicles of the army. The host was going forth to the fight That is, they were marching out of the camp to put themselves in battle array. Shouted for the battle Raised the war cry. Neither of these expressions implies that the armies engaged in actual conflict, as some objectors have absurdly assumed. This appears still more clearly in the following verse. read more
21. Army against army Render: And Israel and the Philistines set battle array against battle array That is, they formed their respective armies in battle array on the mountains on either side of the valley, as stated in 1 Samuel 17:3, the two armies facing each other. read more
22. His carriage That which he carried. Margin, the vessels from upon him. The parched ears, the ten loaves, and the cheeses which Jesse had sent by him to the camp. The keeper of the carriage The overseer of the supplies; the quartermaster. read more
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes - 1 Samuel 17:24
And all the men of Israel, when they saw the man, fled from him, and were sore afraid.Fled — One Philistine could never have thus put ten thousand Israelites to flight, unless their rock, being forsaken by them, had justly sold them and shut them up. read more