John 21:1-22 WEB

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:11

Peter did not leave his fellow disciples to struggle with the nets while he stood by. He helped them pull the huge catch of fish that Jesus had provided to land.There have been many allegorical explanations of the meaning of the 153 fish. Most of these are much too involved to explain here. [Note: See the commentaries, or for a brief overview, Carson, The Gospel . . ., pp. 672-73.] Many of these involve gamatria. Gamatria is the discipline of deriving a word or words from the Hebrew, or in this... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:12

Jesus, as the host, invited the disciples to dine with Him. Perhaps He was reminding them of their last meal together in the upper room just before His arrest. In the ancient Near East a host who extended hospitality to others and provided food for them was implying that He would defend them from then on. Consequently Jesus’ invitation may have been a promise of commitment to them like the oriental covenant meal. Such a meal involved acceptance, forgiveness, and mutual commitment. By accepting... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:13

Jesus provided for the physical needs of His own as He had done before (cf. John 6:11-13). Hopefully the disciples recalled the significance of His feeding the multitudes earlier. Jesus could take meager human resources, multiply them, and so produce supernatural blessing. This was an important lesson for these believers to remember as they began to embark on the challenging mission that Jesus had given them. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:14

John concluded the narration of this incident by identifying it as the third instance of Jesus’ self-manifestation to His disciples after His resurrection. This verse forms an inclusio with John 21:1 that sets this incident off as distinct.John said that this was the third post-resurrection appearance "to the disciples" (i.e., the apostles, cf. John 20:19-23; John 20:26-29). Chronologically this was at least Jesus’ seventh post-resurrection appearance (cf. John 20:11-18; Matthew 28:8-10; 1... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:15

Education again followed eating, as it had often done before, for example, in the upper room (chs. 13-17). The following conversation may have taken place as Jesus and Peter walked along the shore, with John within earshot close behind (cf. John 21:20-21).Jesus began by addressing Peter as Simon the son of Jonas. In the Gospels, Jesus addressed Peter this way on only the most important occasions. These were his call to follow Jesus (John 1:42), his confession of Jesus as the Son of God (Matthew... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:15-23

B. Jesus’ teachings about motivation for service 21:15-23Jesus now proceeded to use the miracle that He had just performed as the background for important instruction. John presented Jesus doing this many times in this Gospel. The repetition of this pattern in the epilogue is evidence that the epilogue was an original part of the Gospel. Jesus focused His teaching on Peter, but clearly He wanted all disciples to view Peter as their representative. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:16-17

Jesus proceeded to ask Peter essentially the same question two more times. Peter gave virtually the same answer each time. Peter felt grief after Jesus’ third question because Jesus asked the same question a third time, which is the reason for Peter’s grief that the text gives, not the use of His word for "love." Some commentators suggested that Peter was grieved too because this time Jesus used the word for love that Peter had used (Gr. philo). Morris noted that the original conversation... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:18-19

Jesus then gave the last of the many important statements that He introduced with a strong affirmation. It was a prediction of the type of death that Peter would die.Jesus contrasted the freedom that Peter had enjoyed in his youth with the constraint that he would experience in later life. He was describing crucifixion. The phrase "stretch out your hands" (John 21:18) was a euphemistic reference to crucifixion in the Roman world. [Note: Ernst Haenchen, A Commentary on the Gospel of John ,... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:20-21

Why did John identify himself as he did in these verses? Perhaps he did so because this description highlights his intimacy with Jesus. That intimacy was evidently a factor in Jesus’ plans for John to which He proceeded to refer (John 21:22-24). These plans included his writing this Gospel (John 21:24). Therefore by presenting the writer as an intimate of Jesus, John was establishing his credentials as a reliable eyewitness of what he reported. A second reason may be that this description also... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:22

Jesus essentially told Peter that John’s future was none of his business. Rather than concerning himself with God’s will for other people, even those closest to him, he should concentrate on following Jesus faithfully himself. The "you" in the Greek text is emphatic. Even if it was Jesus’ will for John to remain alive until He returned, that was not to be Peter’s concern.The reference to Jesus’ return is probably a reference to the Rapture rather than the Second Coming in view of what Jesus had... read more

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:11

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:12

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:13

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:14

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:15

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:15-23

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:16-17

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:18-19

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:20-21

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - John 21:22

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