Exodus 12:21-50

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:37-42

The First Stages of Their Journey (Exodus 12:37 to Exodus 13:22 ). The journey from Egypt now commencing we are informed of the quantity of those leaving and the connection backwards with when they first entered Egypt. This is then followed by instructions concerning who in future will be able to participate in the Passover. This had become very important in view of the mixed multitude (peoples of many nations) who accompanied them. As a result of the Passover their firstborn sons and beasts... read more

Peter Pett

Peter Pett's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:42-50

The Mixed Multitude, And Those Who Will, Can Enter God’s Covenant and Share the Passover (Exodus 12:42-50 ). The extra instructions that follow were partly necessary because of the mixed multitude that had joined up with them, and they are thus introduced at this point. But they are also important as indicating the make up of ‘the children of Israel’. They are seen as including genuine descendants of Jacob and his sons, descendants of all family servants in their households who had been... read more

Arthur Peake

Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:1-36

Exodus 11:1 to Exodus 12:36 . 10° . Death of Egyptian Firstborn; Passover and Mazzoth ( Exodus 11:1-Leviticus : E, Exodus 11:4-Ruth : J, Exodus 11:9 f. R, Exodus 12:1-Proverbs : P, Exodus 12:21-Isaiah : J, Exodus 12:24 P, Exodus 12:25-Daniel : a “ houses” Rd, Exodus 12:27 b J, Exodus 12:28 P, Exodus 12:29-Nahum : J, Exodus 12:35 f. E).— The narrative now reaches its climax in the last plague, which finally breaks the resolution of the Pharaoh, and results in the Exodus of Israel. But the... read more

Arthur Peake

Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:21-28

Exodus 12:21-Daniel : J, Exodus 12:28 P. Rules for the Passover (second set) (for analysis see Exodus 11:1).— These verses, though they come second, embody in the main J’ s account of the institution, which P has elaborated in Exodus 12:1-1 Chronicles : , adding many details, but not mentioning the hyssop, or the basin, or the confinement to the house. Hyssop was a wall or rock plant ( 1 Kings 4:33), with pliant twigs, probably marjoram, a branch of which made a simple sprinkler for rites... read more

Arthur Peake

Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:29-36

Exodus 12:29-Zephaniah : . Egyptian Firstborn Die: the Israelites Prepare to Depart.— In Exodus 11:1-Leviticus : * E and Exodus 11:4-Ruth : * J the spoiling of the Egyptians and the death of their firstborn sons were announced, and the events are now given by the editor in reverse order, Exodus 12:29-Nahum : J preceding Exodus 12:35 f. E. The last plague was a sudden outbreak of pestilence, cf. 2 Kings 19:35, which was believed to have stricken every firstborn son. The fact that the eldest... read more

Arthur Peake

Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:37-49

Exodus 12:37 – Exodus 18. From Egypt to Sinai. Exodus 12:37-Ephesians : J. The Exodus.— From Rameses ( Exodus 1:11 b *) the first stage of the journey took the people 10 miles W. to Succoth (Eg. Thikke), the district round Pithom ( Exodus 1:11 b). The number 600,000 ( cf. Numbers 11:21), not including “ children” (rather “ little ones,” i.e. women and children, as Exodus 10:10, Exodus 12:24, and often in J), implies a total of about two millions, which not only involves a complex and... read more

Arthur Peake

Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:40-51

Exodus 12:40-Luke : Rp. Time spent in Egypt.— The Biblical writers are not in agreement about the length of Israel’ s stay in Egypt. Here it is given (probably by Rp) as 430 years ( cf. 400 years in Genesis 15:13 Rje, Acts 7:6, and Josephus). But in Exodus 6:14-Daniel : (also Rp, cf. Genesis 15:16 E) Moses and his contemporaries are the fourth generation. To reconcile the two estimates, the words “ and in the land of Canaan,” i.e. before the entry into Egypt, are interpolated in Exodus... read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Exodus 12:22

A bunch of hyssop; so the Hebrew word is rightly rendered, as appears from Hebrews 9:19. The door of his house, i.e. of the house wherein he did eat the passover, which ofttimes was his neighbour’s house: see Exodus 12:4. Until the morning; till the beginning of the morning after midnight, and after the slaughter of the Egyptians’ first-born; which may reconcile those scriptures that seem to contradict one another, while some affirm they went out of Egypt by night, and others by day, for they... read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Exodus 12:23

Will not suffer, Heb. not give him license or commission. The destroyer, i.e. the destroying angel, which whether it were a good or bad angel is not agreed, nor is it necessary to determine. read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Exodus 12:24

This thing, viz. the substance of the thing, the passover and feast of unleavened bread, though not all the rites and ceremonies, whereof divers were peculiar to the first time. read more

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