4. Went up Bethlehem was indeed high ground; but anciently any going to a capital or superior place was a going up. House and lineage The house included the entire body of ancestors and descendants. The lineage was a direct line of descent. read more
6. They were there In Bethlehem, where the royal David was born and had spent his boyhood, these two descendants of his regal lineage have now arrived. But though their family register attests their birth, they are too poor to obtain not merely a palace but an inn. read more
7. Her first born See note on Matthew 1:25. Van Oosterzee says, “The question of the brethren of Jesus must be decided independently of the phrase first born.” Not independently, we reply; the argument is far from standing as it would if Jesus were not twice called first born long after it was known, if true, that there was no second born. The proof though not conclusive of itself is cogent. In swaddling clothes The verb to swathe or swaddle signifies to wrap tightly round with... read more
8. Abiding in the fields Probably both day and night in the open air. Keeping watch. That is taking watch by turns. read more
§ 10. APPEARANCE OF ANGELS TO THE SHEPHERDS SHEPHERDS’ VISIT TO JESUS, Luke 2:8-20 . At hand The gentile Magi were brought from afar, but these shepherds are brought from nigh. The former as star gazers were led by the star; the latter as shepherds were brought to the chief shepherd. And these were brought from the same fields of Bethlehem where David the typical shepherd fed his flocks, to visit David’s royal son. read more
9. The angel An angel. No particular angel is specified. Came upon Expressive of more suddenness than appeared to them would be. read more
10. Fear not The same introductory dismissal of fear as Gabriel addressed first to Zacharias and then to Mary. All people All the people; for as these shepherds were representatives of the Jews, so Israel is the people to whom is the immediate joy; yet it redounds to all the world besides. read more
11. Unto you You, the people of Israel. City of David The true place for the birth of David’s royal son. A Saviour Too high a title for a mere man. Christ The Anointed, the Messiah. The Lord Which is the Greek for the incommunicable name Jehovah. read more
12. The sign was not itself a miraculous one, but the prediction of it was so. The thing which they would find would be such a verification of the prediction as to attest itself true, and show them that the real Christ was found. The babe, the swaddle, and the manger were the three tokens. read more
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Whedon's Commentary on the Bible - Luke 2:3
3. Every one into his own city The census in Judea was doubtless conducted in Jewish modes. The enrolment must be made at the place of the lineage of the head of the family. Mary goes probably under the protection of her husband in her present condition. The journey from Nazareth to Bethlehem is about sixty miles. read more