Study Notes:

1. The CONDITIONS of the giving of the law were frightening.
Vs.18-21

1) Mount Sinai was a PICTURE of God’s judgement.
Paul describes the terror that were involved in the giving of the Law (Heb. 12:18–21).

2) Mount Sinai PROVIDED limited access.
The stage being set for Moses to meet with God.
Ex 19:18-19, Ex 20:18-19

3) The Mount Sinai experience would have PRODUCED two convictions in each person’s heart.
They would have known the Holiness of God.
They would have known their own sinfulness.
Gal 5:4-5

2. The CONTRAST of Mount Zion
Vs.22-24
1) It is a wonderful PLACE.
Ps 132:13-14
Phil 3:20-21, Rev 14:1-2

2) There is the PRESENCE of many angels.
Vs. 22b to an innumerable company of angels
The word translated “joyful assembly” was used in ancient culture to describe the great national assemblies and sacred games of the Greeks.

3) The PEOPLE of church history.
Vs. 23
“Firstborn” is a title of dignity and rank.
In terms of our inheritance, we are all first born sons. Rom 8:16-17

4) There is the PRESENCE of God who is judge of all.
Vs. 23b to God the Judge of all
Rev 21:3, Luke 23:45
To come into God’s presence at Sinai was to die;
to come into His presence at Zion is to live (cf. Ps. 73:25; Rev. 21:3).

5) The PERSONS who were before the cross.
Vs. 23c to the spirits of just men made perfect
This would be the O.T. saints. Heb 11:40

6) The PERFECT Mediator of the New Covenant
Vs. 24 to Jesus the Mediator of the new covenant
Moses was the mediator of the first covenant and yet he trembled in fear up on the mountain. We have a much greater mediator in Jesus.
Heb 7:25, 1 John 3:2-3

7) The PROVISION for your sins.
Vs. 24b
Christ’s blood frees us from guilt and has opened the way into the presence of God.

3. The reality that God is a CONSUMING fire.
Vs. 25-29
1) We see the PROOF that God will keep His word.
Vs. 25b
Moses came down from the mountain with the law, the word of God. But they refused, that is lived in disobedience.

2) We see the PROPHECY that everything will be shaken.
Vs. 26-27
As events draw nearer to that time, we shall see more shaking in this world.
Ps 102:25-26
Isa 13:13
2 Peter 3:10-11

3) In the end there is the PLACE where we can give grace.
Vs. 28
This means let us give thanks Heb 13:15-16
Since we are receiving a kingdom.
Let us serve God acceptably


Why?
Vs. 29 For our God is a consuming fire.


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