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C.S. Lewis

C.S. Lewis


Clive Staples Lewis was born in Ireland, in Belfast on 29 November 1898. His mother was a devout Christian and made efforts to influence his beliefs. When she died in his early youth her influence waned and Lewis was subject to the musings and mutterings of his friends who were decidedly agnostic and atheistic. It would not be until later, in a moment of clear rationality that he first came to a belief in God and later became a Christian.

C. S. Lewis volunteered for the army in 1917 and was wounded in the trenches in World War I. After the war, he attended university at Oxford. Soon, he found himself on the faculty of Magdalen College where he taught Mediaeval and Renaissance English.

Throughout his academic career he wrote clearly on the topic of religion. His most famous works include the Screwtape Letters and the Chronicles of Narnia. The atmosphere at Oxford and Cambridge tended to skepticism. Lewis used this skepticism as a foil. He intelligently saw Christianity as a necessary fact that could be seen clearly in science.

"Surprised by Joy" is Lewis's autobiography chronicling his reluctant conversion from atheism to Christianity in 1931.
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el amor, en el sentido cristiano, no significa una emoción. Es un estado, no de los sentimientos, sino de la voluntad; el estado de la voluntad que naturalmente tenemos acerca de nosotros mismos, y que debemos aprender a tener acerca de los demás.
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Esta rebelión de vuestros estados de ánimo contra vuestro auténtico yo ocurrirá de todas maneras. Precisamente por eso la fe es una virtud tan necesaria: a menos que les enseñéis a vuestros estados de ánimo «a ponerse en su lugar» nunca podréis ser cristianos cabales, o ni siquiera ateos cabales, sino criaturas que oscilan de un lado a otro, y cuyas creencias realmente dependen del tiempo o del estado de vuestra digestión. En consecuencia es necesario fortalecer el hábito de la fe. El primer paso es reconocer el hecho de que vuestros estados de ánimo cambian. El siguiente es asegurarse de que, si habéis aceptado el cristianismo, algunas de sus principales doctrinas serán deliberadamente expuestas a vuestra mente todos los días. De ahí que las oraciones diarias, las lecturas religiosas y el acudir a la iglesia son partes necesarias de la vida cristiana. Se nos tiene que recordar continuamente aquello en lo que creemos. Ni esta creencia ni ninguna otra permanecerá automáticamente viva en la mente. Debe ser alimentada.
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God can show Himself as He really is only to real men. And that means not simply to men who are individually good, but to men who are united together in a body, loving one another, helping one another, showing Him to one another. For that is what God meant humanity to be like; like players in one band, or organs in one body.
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La gente a menudo piensa en la moral cristiana como una especie de trato en el que Dios dice: «Si guardáis una serie de reglas os recompensaré, y si no las guardáis haré lo contrario.» Yo no creo que ésta sea la mejor manera de considerarla. Preferiría con mucho decir que cada vez que hacéis una elección estáis transformando el núcleo central de lo que sois en algo ligeramente diferente de lo que erais antes. Y considerando vuestra vida como un todo, con todas sus innumerables elecciones, a lo largo de toda ella estáis transformando este núcleo central en una criatura celestial o en una criatura infernal.
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it may be quite sensible for a mother to say to the children, "i'm not going to go and make you tidy the schoolroom every night. You've got to learn to keep it tidy on your own." Then she goes up one night and finds the teddy bear and the ink and the French Grammar all lying in the grate. That is against her will. She would prefer the children to be tidy. But on the other hand, it is her will which has left the children free to be untidy. The same thing arises in any regiment, or trade union, or school. You make a thing voluntary and then half the people do not do it. That is not what you willed, but your will has made it possible. it is probably the same in the universe. God created things which had free will. That means creatures which can go either wrong or right.
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Nature is only the image, the symbol; but it is the symbol Scripture invites me to use. We are summoned to pass in through Nature, beyond her, into that splendour which she fitfully reflects.
topics: nature , scripture  
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I am progressing along the path of life in my ordinary contentedly fallen and godless condition, absorbed in a merry meeting with my friends for the morrow or a bit of work that tickles my vanity today, a holiday or a new book, when suddenly a stab of abdominal pain that threatens serious disease, or a headline in the newspapers that threatens us all with destruction, sends this whole pack of cards tumbling down. At first I am overwhelmed, and all my little happinesses look like broken toys. Then, slowly and reluctantly, bit by bit, I try to bring myself into the frame of mind that I should be in at all times. I remind myself that all these toys were never intended to possess my heart, that my true good is in another world and my only real treasure is Christ. And perhaps, by God’s grace, I succeed, and for a day or two become a creature consciously dependent on God and drawing its strength from the right sources. But the moment the threat is withdrawn, my whole nature leaps back to the toys: I am even anxious, God forgive me, to banish from my mind the only thing that supported me under the threat because it is now associated with the misery of those few days. Thus the terrible necessity of tribulation is only too clear. God has had me for but forty-eight hours and then only by dint of taking everything else away from me. Let Him but sheathe that sword for a moment and I behave like a puppy when the hated bath is over—I shake myself as dry as I can and race off to reacquire my comfortable dirtiness, if not in the nearest manure heap, at least in the nearest flower bed. And that is why tribulations cannot cease until God either sees us remade or sees that our remaking is now hopeless.
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A Defence Against the Enemy of Excitement The first enemy [of the scholar in war-time] is excitement—the tendency to think and feel about the war when we had intended to think about our work. The best defence is a recognition that in this, as in everything else, the war has not really raised up a new enemy but only aggravated an old one. There are always plenty of rivals to our work. We are always falling in love or quarrelling, looking for jobs or fearing to lose them, getting ill and recovering, following public affairs. If we let ourselves, we shall always be waiting for some distraction or other to end before we can really get down to our work. The only people who achieve much are those who want knowledge so badly that they seek it while the conditions are still unfavourable. Favourable conditions never come. There are, of course, moments when the pressure of the excitement is so great that only superhuman self-control could resist it. They come both in war and peace. We must do the best we can. —from “Learning in War-Time” (The Weight of Glory) 1939 Lewis preaches “Learning in War-Time” at Evensong in Oxford University Church of St. Mary the Virgin. 23 OCTOBER A Defence Against the Enemy of Frustration The second enemy [of the scholar in war-time] is frustration—the feeling that we shall not have time to finish.
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Toda clase de cosas buenas que creíamos eran nuestras, pero que en realidad se debían a una buena digestión, se desprenderán de nosotros, y toda clase de cosas malas que se debían a los complejos o a la mala salud de los demás se desprenderán de ellos. Y entonces, por primerísima vez, veremos a todos tal como son. Y habrá sorpresas. Y
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God’s own existence. But God has no history. He is too completely and utterly real to have one.
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Now repentance is no fun at all. It is something much harder than merely eating humble pie. It means unlearning all the self-conceit and self-will that we have been training ourselves into for thousands of years.
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There is no need to be worried by facetious people who try to make the Christian hope of ‘Heaven’ ridiculous by saying they do not want ‘to spend eternity playing harps’. The answer to such people is that if they cannot understand books written for grown-ups, they should not talk about them. All the scriptural imagery (harps, crowns, gold, etc.) is, of course, a merely symbolical attempt to express the inexpressible... People who take these symbols literally might as well think that when Christ told us to be like doves, He meant that we were to lay eggs.
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On the one hand we must never imagine that our own unaided efforts can be relied on to carry us even through the next twenty-four hours as 'decent' people. If He does not support us, not one of us is safe from some gross sin. On the other hand, no possible degree of holiness or heroism which has ever been recorded of the greatest saints is beyond what He is determined to produce in each one of us in the end.
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God is not deceived by externals.
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El cristianismo está de acuerdo con el dualismo en que este universo está en guerra. Pero no cree que sea una guerra entre poderes independientes. Cree que es una guerra civil, una rebelión, y que estamos viviendo en una parte del universo ocupada por los rebeldes. Un territorio ocupado por el enemigo: eso es lo que es este mundo. El cristianismo es la historia de cómo llegó aquí el verdadero rey, disfrazado, si queréis, y nos convocó a todos para tomar parte en una gran campaña de sabotaje. Cuando acudís a la iglesia estáis en realidad escuchando la secreta telegrafía de nuestros amigos; precisamente por eso el enemigo está tan ansioso por impedirnos acudir. Lo hace aprovechándose de nuestra vanidad, de nuestra pereza y de nuestro esnobismo intelectual.
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...the prayers offered in the state of dryness are those which please Him best.
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Según los maestros cristianos, el vicio esencial, el mal más terrible, es el orgullo. La falta de castidad, la ira, la codicia, la ebriedad y cosas tales son meros pecadillos en comparación. Fue a través del orgullo como el demonio se convirtió en demonio: el orgullo conduce a todos los demás vicios: es el estado mental completamente anti-Dios.
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Si a uno se le permite condenar las acciones del enemigo y castigarlo, ¿qué diferencia hay entre la moral cristiana y el punto de vista corriente? Toda la diferencia del mundo. Recordad que los cristianos pensamos que el hombre vive para siempre. Por lo tanto, lo que realmente importa son esas pequeñas marcas o señales en la parte interior o central del alma que van a convertirla, a la larga, en una criatura celestial o una criatura demoníaca. En otras palabras, algo dentro de nosotros, el resentimiento, la sensación de venganza, deben sencillamente ser aniquilado. Mientras castigamos debemos tratar de sentir por el enemigo lo que sentimos por nosotros mismos: desear que no fuese tan malo, esperar que pueda, en este mundo o en el otro, ser curado; de hecho, desearle el bien. A eso es a lo que se refiere la Biblia cuando dice que debemos amar a nuestros enemigos: deseándoles el bien, y no teniéndoles afecto o diciendo que son buenos cuando no lo son.
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Debes, por tanto, conservar celosamente en su cabeza la curiosa suposición: “Mi tiempo es mío”. Déjale tener la sensación de que empieza cada día como el legítimo dueño de veinticuatro horas. Haz que considere como una penosa carga la parte de esta propiedad que tiene que entregar a sus patrones, y como una generosa donación aquella parte adicional que asigna a sus deberes religiosos.
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You must always remember... Whatever their bodies do affects their souls.
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