Revelation 16:8-12 NIV

Robert Jamieson; A. R. Fausset; David Brown

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Revelation 16:11

11. sores—This shows that each fresh plague was accompanied with the continuance of the preceding plagues: there was an accumulation, not a mere succession, of plagues. repented not—(Compare Revelation 16:9). read more

Robert Jamieson; A. R. Fausset; David Brown

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Revelation 16:12

12. angel—so Coptic and ANDREAS. A, B, C, Vulgate, and Syriac omit. kings of the east—Greek, "the kings who are from the rising of the sun." Reference to the Euphrates similarly occurs in the sixth trumpet. The drying up of the Euphrates, I think, is to be taken figuratively, as Babylon itself, which is situated on it, is undoubtedly so, Revelation 17:5. The waters of the Euphrates (compare Isaiah 8:7; Isaiah 8:8) are spiritual Babylon's, that is, the apostate Church's (of which Rome is the... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:8

The fourth trumpet judgment darkened the sun (Revelation 8:12), but this judgment increased the sun’s intensity. There is a definite article before "men" in the Greek text. The men in view are evidently the people who have the mark of the beast and who worship him (Revelation 16:2). The faithful will apparently escape this judgment. Similarly the Israelites escaped some of the plagues on Egypt. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:8-9

6. The fourth bowl 16:8-9 read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:9

Evidently climatic changes will take place resulting in the sun’s heat becoming much hotter than normal (cf. Deuteronomy 32:24; Isaiah 24:6; Isaiah 42:25; Malachi 4:1; perhaps the destruction of the ozone layer?). Nevertheless instead of repenting, the beast-worshippers curse God (cf. Revelation 16:11; Revelation 16:21). They recognize His sovereignty, but they refuse to honor Him as sovereign (cf. Romans 1:28; Romans 2:24; 1 Timothy 6:1; James 2:7). Deserved judgment hardens the callous heart... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:10

The darkening of the (first) beast’s throne appears to be literal; light will diminish (cf. Exodus 10:21-23; Isaiah 60:2; Joel 2:1-2; Joel 2:31; Mark 13:24). Another possibility is that this may be a figurative darkening in which God somehow complicates the rule of the beast. [Note: Kiddle, pp. 321-22; Hughes, p. 175; Caird, p. 204.] Beale wrote the following."It is metaphorical for all ordained events designed to remind the ungodly that their persecution and idolatry are vein, and it indicates... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:10-11

7. The fifth bowl 16:10-11 read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:11

The earth-dwellers still fail to repent and continue to blaspheme God. The title "the God of heaven" recalls the pride of Nebuchadnezzar and his successors (cf. Daniel 2:44). One indication that the bowl judgments will follow each other quickly is that the sores of the first bowl are still on people in the darkness of the fifth bowl. The bowl judgments come in swift succession, one right after another. In contrast, each of the seal and trumpet bowls ended before the next one began."The... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:12

The problem that this judgment poses for earth-dwellers is not a result of the judgment itself but its consequences, namely, war. It does not inflict a plague on people but serves as a preparation for the final eschatological battle. [Note: Ladd, p. 212.] The Euphrates River is the northeastern border of the land God promised to Abraham’s descendants (Genesis 15:18; Deuteronomy 1:7; Deuteronomy 11:24; Joshua 1:4). The Bible calls the Euphrates River (cf. Genesis 2:14), the eastern border of the... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:12-16

8. The sixth bowl 16:12-16The final three bowl judgments all have political consequences. read more

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Revelation 16:11

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Revelation 16:12

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:8

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:8-9

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:9

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:10

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:10-11

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:11

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:12

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Revelation 16:12-16

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